The First Book of Samuel Otherwise Called The First Book of the Kings 18

the soul of Jonathan.The modesty, piety, and courage of David were so congenial to the character of the amiable Jonathan, that they attracted his most cordial esteem and affection; so that the most intimate friendship subsisted between them from that time, and they loved each other with pure hearts fervently. Their friendship could not be affected by the common vicissitudes of life; and it exemplifies by fact what the ancients have written on the subject; [Ten philian isoteta einai, kai mian psychen ton philon heteron auton.] "Friendship is an entire sameness, and one soul: a friend is another self." 1Sa 14:1-14 1Sa 14:45 Ge 44:30 Re 19:11 1Ch 12:17 Ps 86:11 Col 2:2

loved him. 1Sa 18:3 1Sa 19:2 1Sa 20:17 De 13:6 2Sa 1:26 Pr 18:24

28 Saul's hatred and David's glory increase.

took him. 1Sa 16:21-23 1Sa 17:15

made a covenant. 1Sa 20:8-17 1Sa 20:42 1Sa 23:18 2Sa 9:1-3 2Sa 21:7

stripped himself.Presents of clothes or rich robes, as tokens of respect or friendship, are frequent in the East. Ge 41:42 Es 6:8 Es 6:9 Isa 61:10 Lu 15:22 2Co 5:21 Php 2:7 Php 2:8

behaved. or, prospered. 1Sa 18:14 1Sa 18:15 1Sa 18:30 Ge 39:2 Ge 39:3 Ge 39:23 Ps 1:3 Ac 7:10

wisely. Mt 10:16 Eph 5:17 Col 4:5

the men of war. 1Sa 13:2 1Sa 14:52

Philistine. or, Philistines. the women. Ex 15:20 Re 12:4 Ps 68:25 Jer 31:11-13

instruments of music. Heb. three stringed instruments.The original {shalishim,} is rendered by the Vulgate {sistris.} The {sistrum} was an ancient Egyptian instrument made of brass, with three, and sometimes more brass rods across; which, being loose in their holes, made a jingling noise when shaken.

answered. Ex 15:21 Ps 24:7 Ps 24:8

Saul. 1Sa 21:11 1Sa 29:5

the saying. Es 3:5 Pr 13:10 Pr 27:4 Ec 4:4 Jas 4:5

displeased him. Heb. was evil in his eyes. Nu 11:1 Nu 22:34

and what. 1Sa 13:14 1Sa 15:28 1Sa 16:13 1Sa 20:31 1Ki 2:22

eyed David. Ge 4:5 Ge 4:6 Ge 31:2 Mt 20:15 Mr 7:22 Eph 4:27 Jas 5:9

the evil spirit. 1Sa 16:14 1Sa 16:15 1Sa 19:9 1Sa 26:19

and he prophesied.{Wyyithnabbai,} rather, "and he pretended to prophesy; for the verb is in {Hithpaël,} the signification of which conjugation is not only reflex action, but also affectation of the action: Jer 29:26, 27. The meaning seems to be, that Saul, influenced by the evil spirit, feigned to be prophesying, the better to conceal his murderous intentions, and to render David unsuspicious. 1Sa 19:24 1Ki 18:29 1Ki 22:12 1Ki 22:20-23 Jer 28:2-4 Jer 28:11 Zec 13:2-5 Ac 16:16 2Th 2:11

played. 1Sa 16:16 1Sa 16:23

and there was.{Wehachanith beyad Shäool,} rather, "and the javelin was in the hand of Saul;" for the javelin or spear was the emblem of regal authority; and kings had it always in their hand, as may be seen represented on ancient monuments. In ancient times, says Justin, kings used a spear instead of a sceptre.

cast the javelin. 1Sa 19:9 1Sa 19:10 1Sa 20:33 Pr 27:4 Isa 54:17

And David. Ps 37:32 Ps 37:33 Isa 54:17 Lu 4:30 Joh 8:59 Joh 10:39

afraid. 1Sa 18:15 1Sa 18:20 1Sa 18:29 1Sa 16:4 Ps 48:3-6 Ps 53:5 Mr 6:20 Lu 8:37 Ac 24:25

the Lord. 1Sa 16:13 1Sa 16:18 1Sa 22:13 Ac 7:9

departed. 1Sa 16:14 1Sa 28:15 Ps 51:11 Ho 9:12 Mt 25:41

removed. 1Sa 18:17 1Sa 18:25 1Sa 8:12 1Sa 22:7

he went out. 1Sa 18:16 Nu 27:16 Nu 27:17 2Sa 5:2 Ps 121:8

Saul was sensible that the Lord was departed from him; while he perceived, with evident sorrow of heart, that the Lord had given David peculiar wisdom, and that he was with him to prosper all his undertakings. This increased the disquietude of his malevolent mind, and his dread of David as a prevailing rival: he therefore removed him from his presence. This impolitic step, however, served the more to ingratiate David with the people, by affording him the opportunity of leading them forth to victory over their enemies.

behaved. or, prospered. 1Sa 18:5

the Lord. 1Sa 10:7 1Sa 16:18 Ge 39:2 Ge 39:3 Ge 39:23 Jos 6:27 Mt 1:23 Mt 28:20 Ac 18:10

wisely. Ps 112:5 Da 6:4 Da 6:5 Col 4:5 Jas 1:5 Jas 3:17

all Israel. 1Sa 18:5 Lu 19:48 Lu 20:19

he went. Nu 27:17 2Sa 5:2 1Ki 3:7

her will I give. 1Sa 17:25 Ps 12:2 Ps 55:21

valiant. Heb. a son of valour. the Lord's. 1Sa 17:47 1Sa 25:28 Nu 32:20 Nu 32:27 Nu 32:29

Let not mine. 1Sa 18:21 1Sa 18:25 De 17:7 2Sa 11:15 2Sa 12:9

Who am I. 1Sa 18:23 1Sa 9:21 Ex 3:11 Ru 2:10 2Sa 7:18 Pr 15:33 Pr 18:12 Jer 1:6

Adriel. Re 14:2 2Sa 21:8

Meholathite. Re 7:5

loved David. 1Sa 18:28

Ge 29:18,20 34:3 Jud 16:4,15 2Sa 13:1 1Ki 11:1,2 Ho 3:2 pleased him. Heb. was right in his eyes.

a snare. Ex 10:7 Ps 7:14-16 Ps 38:12 Pr 26:24-26 Pr 29:5 Jer 5:26 Jer 9:8

the hand. 1Sa 18:17 1Sa 19:11 1Sa 19:12

this day. 1Sa 18:26

commanded. Ps 36:1-3 Ps 55:21

servants. 2Sa 13:28 2Sa 13:29 Pr 29:12

a light. 1Jo 3:1

a poor man. 1Sa 9:21 Pr 14:20 Pr 19:6 Pr 19:7 Ec 9:15 Ec 9:16

and lightly. Ps 119:141

On this manner. Heb. According to these words. 1Sa 18:24

dowry. Ge 29:18 Ge 34:12 Ex 22:16 Ex 22:17

foreskins. 1Sa 17:26 1Sa 17:36 Ge 17:11-14 Jos 5:3

to be avenged. 1Sa 14:24

thought. 1Sa 18:17 2Sa 17:8-11

but an hundred.That is, Thou shalt slay one hundred Philistines, and thou shalt produce their foreskins as a proof, not only that thou hast killed one hundred men, but that these are of the uncircumcised Philistines.

the days. 1Sa 18:21

expired. Heb. fulfilled.

his men. 1Sa 18:13

slew. Re 14:1 2Sa 3:14

two hundred men.The Septuagint has only [ ,] one hundred men; and as Saul covenanted for a hundred, as David himself says, (2 Sa 3:14,) that he espoused Michal for a hundred, it is very probable that this is the true reading.

1Sa 24:20 1Sa 26:25 Ge 30:27 Ge 37:8-11 Ge 39:3 Re 3:9

yet the. 1Sa 18:12 1Sa 18:15 Ps 37:12-14 Ec 4:4 Jas 2:19

Saul became. Ge 4:4-8 Joh 11:53 1Jo 3:12-15

went forth. 2Sa 11:1

behaved himself. 1Sa 18:5 Ps 119:99 Da 1:20 Lu 21:15 Eph 5:15

set by. Heb. precious. 1Sa 2:30 1Sa 26:21 2Ki 1:13 Ps 116:15 1Pe 2:4 1Pe 2:7

the princes.Of this war we know no more than that David, whose military skill was greater, was more successful in it, than all the other officers of Saul.